Principles of structural and building design

Structural design is a process for three-dimensional formation of the desired structure as well as how to use materials to achieve the desired performance and performance of the constructed building.

In order to design a structure, the purpose and efficiency must first be determined. An engineer must consider the structural purpose of transporting incoming loads in the most direct way possible. The word point indicates that this goal does not interfere with the function for which the structure is constructed. The structure of a building should be in line with the need for transparent space within the final covering. For example, a bridge that should allow water to pass under it or vehicles to pass. When these needs are explicitly inconsistent with structural performance, one or both of them are compromised in some ways. Structural perception is also a kind of knowledge and awareness of items and materials, static concepts and the truth of bearing systems that are used to erect buildings and create living spaces. Then, with the understanding of the divergence of architecture and structure, the effort to converge structure and architecture began, which has continued to this day, and in the meantime, a number of architects were able to build interesting buildings in harmony with the environment and in harmony with industry without imitation. , Create technology and life today. Thus, technology was used in architecture to fully ensure the adaptability of architecture to the needs of life that are dynamic and constantly changing.

For decades, discussions and differences of taste between builders and structural engineers in the selection and superiority of steel and concrete structures over each other has caused this question and ambiguity to always attract the minds of experts and even ordinary people, and for this reason. Employers and builders sometimes have doubts in choosing the type of structure until the last moment before designing their structure. Perhaps the continuation of this ambiguity is due to the fact that the choice of the type of structure is a function of economic, climatic, technical, executive and other reasons, and in other words, none of these types of structures have absolute superiority over each other, but in each case They achieve relative superiority over another. Examining the issues related to the design and characteristics of steel structures, it can be concluded that if the joints of this type of structure are completely in accordance with this letter and technical principles or using bolts and nuts, in addition to suitable anti-coating. Paint and corrosion should be used and the technical criteria for connecting the roof diaphragm to the load-bearing beams should be well observed. Because before deciding on the type of structure, the cost price of steel profiles required for the construction of metal structures should be checked.